# 2. EC2 - Elastic Compute Cloud
## **Elastic Compute Cloud**
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EC2 - Elastic Compute Cloud
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EC2 - This is a Virtual Server/Machine
* **Scalability**
* **Have 2 Storage options EBS and Instance Storage**
* **Preconfigured Template**
* **20 Instances per region**
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Compute - has the understanding to execute and run applications and software.
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## **Types of EC2 Instances**
1. **General Purpose:- Balanced Memory & CPU**
2. **Compute Optimized -: More CPU than RAM**
3. **Memory Optimized -: More RAM**
4. **High Memory Optimized -: High RAM, Nitro System**
5. **Accelerated Computing /GPU-: Graphic Optimized, ex - PUBG**
6. **Storage Optimized -: Low latency**
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> Questions:-
* **What is the Stand for EC2?**
* **what is EC2?**
* **What is Scalability?**
* **In the EC2 instance have preconfigured templates available?**
* **How many instances can you launch in one region?**
* **What is Compute?**
* **How many Types of Instance?**
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## **Type of Instances**
> **Types of Instances:-**
1. General Purpose
2. Compute Optimized
3. Memory Optimized
4. High Memory
5. Accelerated Computing
6. Storage Optimized
7. Previous generation
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General Purpose Instance
> **General-purpose instances:- Provide a balance of computing memory and networking resources and can be used for a variety of workloads.**
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3 Series in General Purpose
| **A - Series** | **A1 medium** |
| --- | --- |
| **T - Series** | **T2, t2 micro, t3, t3a** |
| **M - Series** | **M4, M5, M5d** |
> **A1- Instances**
* **Web server**
* **Containerized microservices**
* **Caching fleets**
* **Distributed data stores**
> **T2 - Instances**
* **Generally for Development**
* **Very Cheap**
* **Baseline CPU performance**
* **5 to 32 GB**
> **M4 instance**
* **Nitro Hypervisor**
* **RAM 8 to 64 GB**
* **EBS Storage**
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> Questions:-
* **What is a General Purpose instance?**
* **How many types of series in general purpose?**
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Compute Optimized Instances
**Compute Optimized:- Ek Sath bahut sari process (Batch Process /Parrallel Processing )ko execute karne ke liya ham Cpmpute Optimized Instances ka use karte hain.**
* **High Performance Processor**
* **Cost Effective**
* **C - Series (c3,c4,c5)**
* **Good Speed**
* **Only EBS Storage**
**User Cases - High Performance, Webserver, Gaming, Video, Encoding**
* **C5 Support max 25 EBS Volumes**
* **C5 use Elastic network Adapter**
* **C5 uses new EC2 Hypervisor**
**ENA - for improving your network is used ENA.**
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> Questions:-
* **What is compute optimized?**
* **What is batch processing?**
* **What is Parrallel processing?**
* **How many types of Series in compute optimized?**
* **How many EBS volume support -25 EBS volume?**
* **Which hypervisor use this - nitro hypervisor?**
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Memory Optimized Instances
**Note -: where you need high memory instances so use this instances**
Ex - | for using space monitoring |
> **Designing for fast performance**
| **R= R4,R5, R5ad, R5d** | **X = x1, x1e** | **Z -z1d** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **High Performance** | **High performance database** | **1.8 tb** |
| **RAM is enough** | **This is use for scientific reason** | **SSD storage** |
| **Use in relational database** | **Use in relational database mysql** | |
| **Use in-memory caching** | **Nasa me iska use kiya jata hai** | |
| **Instance storage - EBS, Only and NVM, SSD** | **Nvm, SSD** | |
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Storage Optimized Instances
**What is SOI?**
* **Use design for workload for hight and**
* **Sequential read and write access to very large data .**
* **At the same time are using upload and download**
> Types of Series
| **I=i3 and i3en** | **D** | **H** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **<** | **<** | **<** |
| **Advanced** | | **16 HDD Based local storage** |
| **Nvme , SSD** | **SSD** | **HDD** |
| **Sequential throughput** | | |
* **Direct Attach Storage - which storage attach with your system is called direct attach storage.**
* **Network Attach Storage - EBS , Jo kahi or rakhi hoti hain or hamare system ke sath attach hoti hai .**
* **Nitro System - A kind of hypervisor.**
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Acelerating Computing Instance
* **Using for live processing**
* **Live streaming**
* **FPGA use in real time processing like you are recording video**
* **Series (PGF)**
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High Memory Instances
* **High memory performance**
* **This is only work on Dedicated host**
* **Purchasing only for 3 year**
* **Os installed directly on hardware**
* **Baremetal instance - os seedha hardware me install hoga**
* **This is U series**
* **448 logical processor**
> **Baremetal - hardware me os installed hota hai**
**Elastic IP = Static Ip**
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Previous Generation Instances
* **Can we purchase right now - yes**
* **When your billing start - start from rebooting**
* **Pay per second option are available only linux and ubuntu not in windows server**
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### **EC2 Instance Purchasing Options**
| **On-Demand** | **Using for testing purpose so you can go with this instance,** **Use for Short term goals,** **For testing Purpose** |
| --- | --- |
| **Dedicated Instance** | **Only dedicated instances are available in The Dedicated instances** While stop - no bill generate |
| **Dedicated Host** | **Physical server where is running your instances , If you are using license for software so you can use dedicated host**, **While stop - no bill generate,** **Can you migrate - no** |
| **Spot Instances** | **This is very cheap instances.** **This is free instances are available in spot instance.** **This is using for testing purpose.** **Aws ye Kabhi bhi le skte hi jab uski price badh jayegi** **Stop - karoge to sab data ud jayega** |
| **Schedule Instances** | **If your office open only sat, sun so you can use schedule instances** **You pay for the price, if you are use or not doesn't matter.** |
| **Reserved Instance** | **You can reserve for 1-3 yeas** |
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### EC2 Instance :- Few important point
> **EC2 Access**
* To access instances, you need a key and key pair name
* **You can download the private key only once**
* **The public key is saved by AWS to match it to the key pair name and private key when you try to login to the EC2 instances**
* **Without key pair you cannot access instances via RDP or SSH**
* **20instances per region**
> **EC2 Status Check**
* **By Default AWS EC2 service performs automated status checks every one minute.**
* **EC2 services can send its metric data to aws CloudWatch Every 5 minute (Enable By Default)**
* **There is no charged if instances will be stop.**
> **Two Type of Storage**
EBS backed EC2 instance - Network Attached storage | It means Jiska Root volume EBS hai - At where your os is installed |
Instance Store Backed EC2 instance - Direct Attached Storage | It means Jiska Root Volume EC2 instance hai - At where your os is installed |
> **When you Stop an EBS Backed EC2 Instance**
* **Instance perform a shutdown**
* **State changes from running --> stopping**
* **EBS volume remain attached to the instance**
* **Any data cached in RAM or instances store volume**
> **EC2 Termination**
* **When you terminate a running instances the instance states changes as follow -**
* **Running ---> Shutting down ---> Terminated**
* **During the shutting down and terminated states, you do not changes**
* **By default EBS root devices volumes are deleted automatically when the EC2 instances are terminated**
* **if you untic the termination policy so volume will not be terminated ---> termination proteciton**
> **EC2 Metadata - Information of instances is called is metadata**
* **Ex - IP**
* **Metadata is not protected by encryption**
* **You can check metadata of instances  -** [**http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/**](http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/)
> **Diff b/w Elastic Block Storage /Instance Storage**
EBS | Instances Storage |
Most common, replicate with A-Z | Physically attach to the host server |
If detached EBS from instances so it is not affect to ec2 | Data not lost when os is rebooted |
Network attach storage (NAS) | Direct Attach Storage (DAS) |
it is not | Faster |
You can DE attach the EBS | You cannot DE attach the Instance Storage |